India   India	Pakistan  Pakistan Pakistan	Nepal Nepal	BanglaDesh Bangladesh
Sri Lanka  Sri Lanka	Bhutan   Bhutan	Madagascar	Seychelles Seychelles
Indian Ocean   Reunion	Maldives   Maldives	Mauritius  Mauritius	Comoros  Comoros  Mayotte

GEOGRAPHIE   Ce sous-continent du sud de l'Asie, de forme triangulaire, est limité par le Karakoram et l'Himalaya au nord, et par la mer d'Oman et le golfe du Bengale. Ce territoire, d'une superficie de 4,2 millions de km², est composé de la République Indienne, du Pakistan, du Bangladesh, des Etats de l'Himalaya (Népal, Sikkim et Bhoutan) et du Sri Lanka (Ceylan) au sud.

HISTOIRE-CHRONIQUE

Durant l'ère préhistorique, les Aryens l'envahirent et repoussèrent les premiers habitants, les Dravidiens, au sud de la péninsule. L'ère de Veda (de 1500 av. J.-C. à 500 apr. J.-C.) fut nommée ainsi d'après les livres sacrés du Veda. L'Islam atteignit l'Inde en 1500, puis se succédèrent les périodes moghole et coloniale (1763-1947)

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INSTITUTIONS-POLITIQUE

RELATIONS EXTERIEURES:  Inde  Pakistan   

	le trio INDE-CHINE-PAKISTAN  problèmes de frontières problèmes religieux (Islam-Hindouisme- Chine) affrontements de puissance compliqués par la guerre froide: diplomaties américaines et soviétiques
	-- REGIONAL SECURITY IN SOUTH ASIA. Hearing, October 20, 1999. U.S. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific. http://www.house.gov/international_relations/ap/aphear.htm

Assistant Secretary of State Inderfurth: 'We have a number of immediate challenges facing United States policy in South Asia, and this afternoon I would like to address three in particular: the political crisis in Pakistan, where the Army has taken the reins of power; the recent elections in India and the formation of a new government; and the situation in Afghanistan and our steps to combat international terrorists who take shelter there... Mr. Chairman, before I conclude, I would like to note that our ability to pursue our agenda in South Asia - - and indeed throughout the world - -depends in large part on adequate funding for our foreign affairs budget, a point that Secretary Albright makes repeatedly. If the proposed cuts are enacted, the Administration will be forced to reduce our efforts to: counter terrorism, prevent and reduce conflict, stem the spread of deadly diseases like HIV/AIDS, and fight drugs - - all of which are clearly in the interests of the American people and key to our agenda in South Asia. In fact, our programs to support regional democracy, to eradicate illegal poppy cultivation, and to address trafficking in women and children - - will be sorely under-funded.'

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