TERRORISME SUR INTERNET

Sources de Geoscopie <Sources Inter <Sources Internet> Sources Biblio Librairie

0 GENERALITES

DEFINITIONS

WIKIPEDIA

ANNUAIRES ET CENTRES DE RESSOURCES

PTD: The Political Terrorism Database
site du CRTI; http://www.crti.org
ERRI Counter-Terrorism Archive Page A Summary of World-Wide Terrorism Events, Groups, Strategies and Tactics A Summary of World-Wide Terrorism Events, Groups, Strategies and Tactics
Terrorism Research Center
The Counter-Terrorism
The Counter-Terrorism Page
Global Terrorism Decoded Original interviews with experts on terrorism, and other information. (Subscription service.)
International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism-- Based in Israel, this site is a comprehensive resource on international terrorism and counter-terrorism, featuring an extensive database on terrorist organizations and attacks, an interactive forum, news updates, and articles on the motivations and methods of international terrorism.
Consequence Management Interoperability Services - http://www.cmi-services.org/default.htm Collaborative effort among government and responder agencies to provide information aiding prevention, planning, preparedness, response, and recovery from terrorist activities involving weapons of mass destruction.
FAS: Terrorism - Background and Threat Assessments - http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/terror.htm Guide to resources, both governmental and private, including FAS information on liberation movements, terrorist organizations, substance cartels, and other para-state entities. From the Federation of American Scientists.
FEMA Backgrounder on Terrorism - http://www.fema.gov/library/terror.htm Overview, reducing vulnerability, and preparing for and dealing with incidents.
Firebase Global: A Worldwide Intelligence Forum - http://www.alenafix.com/old-fbg/index.html Current events, CIA operations, background information, and reference sites.
Global Terrorism Decoded - http://www.globalterrorism.com/ Original interviews with experts on terrorism, and other information. (Subscription service.)
The Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies - http://www.cteh.ac.il/terror/ Provides diverse interdisciplinary opportunities for students, scholars, and professionals to understand the nature, impact, and control of domestic and international terrorism.
Jane's IntelWeb - http://intelweb.janes.com/ Monitors developments in terrorist and intelligence activity worldwide.
Kim-spy - http://www.kimsoft.com/kim-spy.htm
NIC: National Intelligence Council - http://www.odci.gov/nic/ Unclassified website which contains reports on new and emerging national security issues and transnational threats.
Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive - http://www.ncix.gov/ In transition. Links to previous site which contains up-to-date information on news and developments, publications, seminars and what's new.
ZGram Attic - http://www.zgram.net/ Includes information and links on American Intelligence, patterns of global terrorism, terrorist organization, chemical and biological weapons, computer security, cryptography, economic espionage, and related topics.
Crime Net Connection - http://www.mindspring.com/~walter/crimenet.html#crime
Jane's Terrorism and Security MonitorJane’s Terrorism & Security Monitor is the best resource to keep you informed of terrorist activities and insurgencies worldwide. Featuring on-the-spot analysis of imminent threats, this useful tool will allow you to assess the level of risk in the areas impacted by terrorism. Security alerts and briefs on potential law-and-order breakdowns in different regions will ensure that you always know what to expect.
Council of Foreign Relations: base de données actualisée http://www.terrorismanswers.org/home/
Terrorism: An Introduction
Types of Terrorism “
Dirty Bombs”
www.terrorisme.net
Center for Strategic and International Studies http://www.csis.org Basé à Washington, le CSIS est un institut de recherche américain consacré «à l'impact des politiques». Nombreux programmes de recherche thématique par aire géographique.
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (Sipri) http://www.sipri.se L'Institut de recherche sur la paix de Stockholm est spécialisé dans l'étude des questions de sécurité et de désarmement.A noter une initiative intéressante : le module multimédia d'initiation et de formation à l'étude de la non-prolifération des armes chimiques et biologiques.
Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches sur la Paix et d'Etudes Stratégiques (Cirpes) http://www.ehess.fr/cirpes/index.html
Institut des relations internationales et stratégiques (Iris) http://www.iris-france.org
The Terrorism Research Center http://www.terrorism.com/ "la violence politique de basse intensité".
La chasse à l'homme globale:
http://cryptome.org
Terrorism Resources
Alphabetical Listing of All Blocked Persons, Foreign Terrorist Organizations, Designated Narcotics Traffickers, and Others, Treasury Dept Office of Foreign Assets Control, Federal Register Notice, May 27, 2004.
Foreign Terrorist Organizations, Congressional Research Service, February 2004.
Foreign Terrorist Organization: Aliases and Additional Names, State Department notice, Federal Register, October 10, 2003.
Redesignation of Foreign Terrorist Organizations, State Dept Notice, Federal Register, October 2, 2003
Patterns of Global Terrorism 2002 Report, U.S. Department of State, April 2003.
Left-Wing Extremism: The Current Threat, prepared for U.S. Department of Energy Office of Safeguards and Security, April 2001.
Fact Sheet: Foreign Terrorist Organizations, as of March 27, 2002.
Designations of Terrorists and Terrorist Organizations Pursuant to Executive Order 13224, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, State Department, Federal Register, March 19, 2002.
Designation of 39 Organizations on the USA PATRIOT Act’s “Terrorist Exclusion List”, State Department release, December 6, 2001.
Terrorism: Near Eastern Groups and State Sponsors, Congressional Research Service.
Terrorism Threat Assessments
Patterns of Global Terrorism Report, U.S. State Department
Une liste importante d'organisations privées (activistes ou pouvant avoir des relations avec le terrorisme)

MOTEURS

WIKIWAX

Terreur et terrorismes

Renseignement, services spéciaux, intelligence économique

1 CHRONIQUES

HISTOIRE
ACTUALITES

http://www.terrorisme.net une bonne chronique
L'université de Glasgow (Ecosse) a monté un site entièrement consacré au procès de l'attentat de Lockerbie http://www.ltb.org.uk/

SECURITY http://www.janes.com/security/
Guerre contre le terrorisme
Les archives du 11 septembre: http://september11.archive.org/

http://1america.com/ Sep 25, 2001 http://4arabs.com/ Sep 16, 2001 http://access2arabia.com/ Sep 17, 2001 http://america-tomorrow.com/ Oct 10, 2001 http://americanheart.org/ Oct 09, 2001 http://arabicnews.com/ Sep 17, 2001 http://canada.com/national/features/wtc/ Sep 11, 2001 http://comedycentral.com/tv_shows/thedailyshowwithjonstewart/ Sep 25, 2001 http://cosmicwarehouse.com/ Sep 26, 2001 http://crimesofwar.org/ Sep 23, 2001

One Year Later: September 11 and the Internet Webscape:

The Web After September 11

The Rise of Do-It-Yourself Journalism

Government Web Sites Respond to September 11

Keeping the Faith Online After September 11

Personal Expression on the Post-September 11

Web

Images of September 11th on the Web

The Commons of the Tragedy

How Americans Used the Internet After the Terror Attack

La crise terroriste de 2001

Attaque terroriste du 11 septembre 2001

les attentats de Madrid

La réaction américaine aux attentats de Madrid

Faits et causes du terrorisme

Le crime sur Internet

2 GEOGRAPHIE

TOUS PAYS

Country and Regional Data-- from the Everything International academic site for international business,
Search Engine Colossus :directories of local search engines,
Countries and territories: Ab-Am - An-Az - Ba-Bo - Br-Bu - Ca-Ce - Ch - Ci-Co - Cr-Cz - D - E - F - Ga-Gi - Go-Gu - H - I - JK - L - Ma - Me-My - Na-Ne - Ni-O - Pa-Pe - Ph-Pu - QR - Sa - Se-So - Sp-Sy - T - U - VW - YZ - Synopsis - Clickable map

AMERIQUE
- Proliferation in the "Axis of Evil": North Korea, Iran, and Iraq. Report. Cordesman, Anthony H. Center for Strategic and International Studies.January 30, 2002. http://www.csis.org/press/pr02_04.htm http://www.csis.org/burke/proliferation_axis.pdf"Three new CSIS reports detail the growing threat posed by chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons in North Korea, Iran, and Iraq-the countries President Bush singled out in his State of the Union address.
  A summary report, 'Proliferation in the 'Axis of Evil': North Korea, Iran, and Iraq,' provides a detailed picture of developments in the three nations President Bush singled out in his State of the Union address. The reports, by Anthony Cordesman, CSIS Burke Chair in Strategy, make extensive use of unclassified intelligence reports by the Department of Defense, CIA, and National Intelligence Council. Cordesman has served in senior positions in the Departments of Defense, State, and Energy, and in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
  
  'President Bush has singled out the world's most dangerous proliferators by name,' said Cordesman. 'The evidence regarding what they are doing is complex and contradictory, but the patterns of proliferation in all three countries are undeniable and clearly pose a growing threat to U.S. security interests. At the same time, we must recognize that all three countries have very different regimes, are proliferating in different ways, and pose different risks. Equally important, their activities are only part of an even more threatening pattern of regional proliferation in the Middle East, East Asia, and South Asia. Arms control clearly has failed to do enough.
- South Asia Terrorism Portal-- From the Institute for Conflict Management, in New Delhi, "information, data, commentary, research, critical assessment and analysis on terrorism, low intensity warfare and sectarian strife in South Asia."
- Anti-Terrorism Campaign - http://terrorism.freeservers.com/Concentrates on Pakistan and Afghanistan.
- The 2004 Terrorism Survival Bundle includes:
  - Terrorism Travel Planner - International:
  - Latest Information, including Disease Outbreaks, Latest News on Specific Countries, Warnings about Specific Countries, and Worldwide Warnings
  - In an Emergency, including Contact Via State Dept., Contact With Family, Valuables, Passports Issued Abroad, and Lost/Stolen Passports
  - Planning A Trip, including Booking A Trip, Cell Phones, Documents, State Dept. Info, Learning About Destinations, Medical, Money, Packing, Elders, Students, and Travel Insurance
  - Precautions, including Airport Screening, Awareness, Preparation, Blending In, Driving, Money & Valuables, Public Transportation, Suspicions, and Walking
  - Less Common Threats, including Children, Driving, Food, Kidnappings, Landmines, Missiles, Piracy, Soft Targets, and Vehicle Explosives
  - Special Needs, including Children, and Students
  - More Information, including Airline Toll-Free Numbers, Miscellaneous Information, News Bulletins, and U.S. Embassies & Consulates
  - Terrorism Travel Planner - USA:
  - Planning, including Planning a Trip, Before You Leave, What to Wear, and What Not to Wear
  - Packing, including Checked Bags, Prohibited Items, Firearm Requirements, Locks, and Carry-ons
  - Airport, including At the Airport, and Reducing Inspection Delays
  - Special Circumstances, including Children, Health Problems, Religious Concerns, Sports/Camping Equipment, and Summer Travel
  - Latest Developments, including RFID Test in Las Vegas, Halloween Costumes, Baggage Airline Guest Services, and TSA-approved Locks for Sale
  - Travel Information, including Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Complaints/Problems, Travel Resources, and 120 Airline Toll-Free Numbers
  - Terrorism Survival Plan Database:
  - Emergency Kit Creation, including checklists and instructions
  - Family Communication Plan, including checklists and instructions
  - Home Protection Plan, including checklists and instructions
  - Special Needs Plans, including plans for children, the disabled, and the elderly
  - Where to Learn More, including Email Alert Signups, Dept. of Homeland Security Info, FEMA Publications, and Other Publications
  - Whom to Call, including State Emergency Offices and FEMA Offices
  - Terrorism Survival Response Database:
  - Assessment & Response
  - Decision-Making
  - Types of Threats, including Biological Threats, Chemical Threats, Explosions, Radiation, and Nuclear Blasts
  - Special Needs Plans, including plans for children, the disabled, and the elderly
  - FBI Field Offices, each with City, Phone, Website, and Address
  - Red Cross Chapters, including all 50 States, Washington DC, and Puerto Rico
MONDE MUSULMAN:
- AlQaeda Osama bin Laden
- Iraq
- IRAK: Portail du département de la défense américain sur "la guerre contre le terrorisme".
  www.defendamerica.mil/iraq.html
- Hezbollah Hamas
- Terrorism: Near Eastern Groups and State Sponsors, 2001. by Kenneth Katzman, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade DivisionCRS Report for Congress, September 10, 2001, 41 p. (Report is issued annually) http://www.house.gov/shays/CRS/CRSProducts.htm under 'CRS Long Reports'
AMERIQUE:
- U.S. Department of State - Counterterrorism
- Commission: 'Americans will die on American soil' from high tech terror
- Jane's Consultancy assesses vulnerability of US infrastructure 27 June 2002] http://www.janes.com/security/international_security/news/misc/janes020627_1_n.shtml Terrorism: How Vulnerable Is The USA?
- Rapport US Department of state http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/2001/html/10288.htm
- U.S. Department of State: Background Information on Terrorist Groups - Report: Patterns of Global Terrorism 2000, plus the official list of Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs), and an additional list of other terrorist groups that were active during 2000.
- U.S. Department of State: Response to Terrorism - http://usinfo.state.gov/topical/pol/terror/ Continually updated, including latest news, fact sheets, transcripts, statements and full archive. Key documents, photo galleries, issues in focus, terriorist incidents in depth and other resources. From the Office of International Information Programs.
- The Terrorist Attack on America: Background.
- HOMELAND SECURITY TRANSFORMING GOVERNMENT FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
  
  Summary of What's New in H.R. 5710, a Bill Establishing a Department of Homeland Security United States House of Representatives. Select Committee on Homeland Security. November 13, 2002
  
  Department legislation, with profound effects for: immigration; ATF jurisdiction; union issues for employees of new Homeland Security Department; airport security, guns in the cockpit; critical infrastructure protection; and much more.
  
  http://hsc.house.gov/legislation/5710new.asp [html format, 3 printed pages]
  
  Note: Entire text of HR 5710, The Homeland Security Act of 2002:http://hsc.house.gov/legislation/hr5710.pdf [pdf format, 484 pages]
- Hearing on Current and Projected National Security Threats to the United States. U.S. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence. February 6, 2002. http://intelligence.senate.gov/0202hrg/020206/witness.htm http://shelby.senate.gov/news/record.cfm?id=180482
  
  Central Intelligence Agency Director Tenet:
  
  "Mr. Chairman, I appear before you this year under circumstances that are extraordinary and historic for reasons I need not recount. Never before has the subject of this annual threat briefing had more immediate resonance. Never before have the dangers been more clear or more present. September 11 brought together and brought home -- literally -- several vital threats to the United States and its interests that we have long been aware of. It is the convergence of these threats that I want to emphasize with you today: the connection between terrorists and other enemies of this country; the weapons of mass destruction they seek to use against us; and the social, economic, and political tensions across the world that they exploit in mobilizing their followers. September 11 demonstrated the dangers that arise when these threats converge -- and it reminds us that we overlook at our own

MONDE MUSULMAN

Asie du Sud sur Internet

Asie centrale sur Internet

3 POLITIQUE

INSTITUTIONS

VIE POLITIQUE

Coping with Terrorism: The Challenge of Political Warfare U.S. Institute of Peace, Sep. 27, 2001, 12 p. http://www.usip.org/oc/newsroom/nb20010927.html

Terrorism Law and Policy - http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/terrorism.htm Terrorism law and policy guide from JURIST: The Legal Education Network.

Terrorism: Automated Lookout Systems and Border Security Options and Issues. by William J. Krouse, Analyst in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division and Raphael F. Perl, Specialist in International Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division CRS Report for Congress, June 18, 2001, 16 p. http://www.house.gov/shays/CRS/CRSProducts.htm under 'CRS Long Reports'

Terrorism and the Military's Role in Domestic Crisis Management: Background and Issues for Congress. by Jeffrey D. Brake, National Defense Fellow Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division CRS Report for Congress, April 19, 2001, 26 p. http://www.house.gov/shays/CRS/CRSProducts.htm under 'CRS Long Reports'

Intelligence and Law Enforcement: Countering Transnational Threats to the U.S. by Richard A. Best, Jr., Specialist in National Defense Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division CRS Report for Congress, Updated January 16, 2001, 32 p. http://www.house.gov/shays/CRS/CRSProducts.htm under 'CRS Long Reports'

Le FBI annonce qu'il se dote d'un service spécial " cybercriminalité ".Première mission : traiter toutes les affaires attenantes aux violations de propriété intellectuelle, et aux crimes dans les hautes technologies et l'informatique. A terme, cette nouvelle branche devrait fusionner avec le département chargé des enquêtes criminelles et celui dédié à l'antiterrorisme et au contre-espionnage

DROIT
LIBERTES

4 INTERNATIONAL

France, the United States and the 'War on Terrorism'Brookings Institution, U.S.-France Analysis, October 2001, 4 p. Philip H. Gordon, Director, Center on the United States and France, and Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy Studies, and Benedicte Suzan, Research Fellow, Foreign Policy Studies http://brook.edu/fp/cusf/analysis/terrorism.htm

Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism

Proliferation: Threat and Response - http://www.defenselink.mil/pubs/prolif97/1997 U.S. Department of Defence report on proliferation and threat of weapons of mass destruction in the world. Includes slide show, news releases, and related links.

La liste noire du département d'État les organisations considérées terroristes par Washington

¨ Using Sanctions to Fight Terrorism.

Hufbauer, Gary Clyde; Schott, Jeffery J.; Oegg, Barbara.

International Economics Policy Briefs, Policy Brief, No. 01-11. November 2001, 19 p.

http://www.iie.com/policybriefs/news01-11.htm

"What sets the campaign against international terrorism apart from other wars is the emphasis on economic tools. Several senior U.S. officials, including Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, have suggested that economic and financial efforts will be as important in winning the war on terrorism as the military campaign. Determined to bring U.S. economic as well as military power to bear in the fight against terrorism, the Bush Administration has deployed a variety of economic tools such as preferential trade measures, the removal of existing sanctions coupled with loans to reward allies, and new sanctions to intimidate adversaries. In this war, sanctions policy is being used both as a stick and a carrot, which is a new and welcome twist.

That said, the history of economic sanctions in the past century reveals very few instances where economic weapons achieved major foreign policy goals. Striking terror is the raison d'être of terrorist groups. To eliminate these groups, or persuade them to abandon their objective, would rank as a major policy triumph. The history of economic sanctions amply demonstrates that only military force and covert action can play a decisive role in a battle of this magnitude. At best, economic sanctions can play only a supporting role with respect to terrorist groups.

While economic sanctions alone may not dissuade terrorist groups, they may cause states that harbor and support terrorist groups to reconsider the extent of their support. The Libyan extradition of the two Pan Am suspects illustrates an important shift in state policy induced in part by economic sanctions.

One of the first measures implemented by President Bush in the war on terrorism was aimed at disrupting terrorist finances. On September 23, he issued an executive order freezing the assets of named terrorists, terrorist groups, and terrorist fundraising organizations in an effort to weaken the financial lifeline of the al Qaeda network. To coordinate the activities of the various U.S. agencies on the financial front, the administration created

the Foreign Terrorist Asset Tracking Center in the Treasury Department.

These measures carry on the tradition of past U.S. counterterrorism efforts. Indeed, U.S. counterterrorism policy, dating back to the early 1970s, has been heavily sanctions oriented. U.S. counterterrorism sanctions policy rests on two primary legislative tools -- the designation of state sponsors of terrorism and Foreign Terrorist Organizations FTOs), and the presidential determination of Specially Designated Terrorists (SDTs)."

¨ Dealing with State Sponsors of Terrorism.

O'Sullivan, Meghan L.Brookings Institution. Project on Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy.Brookings Analysis Paper. October 25, 2001, 6 p.

http://www.brook.edu/views/articles/osullivan/2001statesponsors.htm

"Of the countries currently designated by the United States to be state sponsors of terrorism (Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria), each will demand a differentiated strategy suited to the problems it poses and opportunities it offers. Although military action could be an important component in dealing with some of these states, force alone will rarely be adequate to address state sponsorship of terrorism. A winning strategy will demand drawing on all the tools available to policymakers. Economic pressure and, in some cases, limited forms of engagement will be necessary complements or desirable alternatives to force. Successful use of these instruments demands both recognizing the ways in which the post-September 11th environment has sharpened possibilities for using these tools and taking steps to capitalize on these changing circumstances."

¨ Multilateral Non-Proliferation Regimes, Weapons of Mass DestructionTechnologies, and the War on Terrorism. U.S. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on International Security, Proliferation, and Federal Services.

Hearing, February 12, 2002. http://www.senate.gov/~gov_affairs/021202statement.htm http://www.senate.gov/~gov_affairs/021202witness.htm

Subcommittee Chairman Akaka:

"Today's Hearing about multilateral non-proliferation regimes is the third of a series of Hearings this Subcommittee has held on the issue of weapons of mass destruction proliferation. Since September 11th, we have all become aware of the dangers directly posed by these weapons. Attacks against the United States are no longer in the realm of science fiction or Hollywood. As technology evolves, these weapons threaten to become even more deadly and more difficult to detect and to prevent from being used. If we do not take September 11th as a wake-up call, history may well repeat itself with even more terrible consequences. We must use every tool at our disposal to deter the development and use of these weapons. We know now that the Al Qaeda network was busy trying to develop biological, chemical, and so-called dirty nuclear weapons. These were not weapons that Al Qaeda could develop on its own -- they needed access to foreign technology and foreign scientists. Fortunately, so far it appears that they did not get enough information to perfect these weapon systems before we disrupted their efforts.

This demonstrates why it is so important that we choke off the proliferation of WMD technology at its source: government labs and commercial enterprises. Terrorists can gain access to weapons of mass destruction or the technology to make them but they can only do so if foreign governments, or foreign scientists, or foreign companies provide willingly that information or technology to them. Multilateral agreements are one way to prevent terrorists from gaining weapons technology. But multilateral regimes are worthless if they are not effective.

China, for example, adheres to most of these agreements, but as a recent unclassified report to the Congress by the CIA notes, China continues to provide missile-related technology to a variety of countries of proliferation concern. The CIA cannot 'rule out' contacts by China with foreign nuclear weapons programs, and Chinese firms continue to supply chemical weapons production equipment and technology to Iran.

If we cannot get countries to abide by the international agreements they have adhered to, then our only alternative may be to take unilateral action to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction. This is not the preferred step; but it may be our only choice if multilateral agreements do not work."

¨ Using Sanctions to Fight Terrorism. Hufbauer, Gary Clyde; Schott, Jeffery J.; Oegg, Barbara. International Economics Policy Briefs, Policy Brief, No. 01-11. November 2001, 19 p. http://www.iie.com/policybriefs/news01-11.htm

the Foreign Terrorist Asset Tracking Center in the Treasury Department.

- Les suites des attentats du 11 septembre, par l'Ambassadeur de France Bernard Dorin. Le terrorisme implique une poignee de gens, quelques milliers sans doute, alors qu'il y a aujourd'hui 1 milliard de musulmans dans le monde. On ne peut pas serieusement assimiler les musulmans au terrorisme. Ce serait non seulement injuste mais absurde. D'autant que le 11 septembre 2001 constitue une aggravation des incomprehensions qui existaient deja entre un monde developpe, riche et blanc, et un monde non développe. http://www.diploweb.com/p5dori2.htm

INSTITUTIONS

SECURITE-DEFENSE
COOPËRATION
VIE INTERNATIONALE

USA: Diplomatie

5 ECONOMIE

Illicit Diamonds, Conflict and Terrorism: the role of U.S. agencies in fighting the conflict diamond trade. U.S. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight Of Government Management, Restructuring, and the District of Columbia. Hearing, February 13, 2002.

http://durbin.senate.gov/~durbin/new2001/press/2002/02/2002213610.html http://www.senate.gov/~gov_affairs/021302witness.htm http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02425t.pdf

"At a Senate Governmental Affairs Oversight Subcommittee Hearing chaired this morning by U.S. Senator Dick Durbin, two former Ambassadors with first-hand experience in the war-torn African country of Sierra Leone confirmed that diamonds mined there by rebel groups have been used to finance the activities of terrorist groups including al-Qaeda and Hezbollah. In the past several months, news reports have detailed strong links between al-Qaeda and the trade of these illegal gems known as conflict diamonds. According to reports, rebels in Sierra Leone -- known for mutilating their victims, murdering civilians and kidnapping children -- sell diamonds mined by their forces at a fraction of their final value to al-Qaeda operatives. Those representatives then sell them at great profit to diamond merchants in Europe and other diamond trading centers. Today's Hearing marked the first time that current or former senior government officials confirmed in an unclassified setting that the links between conflict diamonds and terrorist groups were real. In their testimony, former U.S. Ambassador to Sierra Leone Joseph Melrose, Jr. and John E. Leigh, Sierra Leone's Ambassador to the United States, told Durbin such activities have been taking place in West Africa to the benefit of both al-Qaeda and Hezbollah.

'These diamonds are becoming the coin of the realm in the terrorist world,' said Durbin. 'It is clearer now than ever before that ending the trade in conflict diamonds is not only the just, right and moral thing to do, but that it is also in our immediate national interest as we continue the fight against terrorism.' According to reports, al-Qaeda bought a large volume of diamonds at higher-than-usual prices in the weeks before the September 11 terrorist attacks, leading investigators to believe the terrorists used the gems to launder their money before it could be frozen. Durbin said diamonds are ideal for such activities because they hold their value, usually cannot be detected by security and aren't easily traced. 'Like ghostly messengers, conflict diamonds slip through hands and across borders silently and without witness,' Durbin said. 'If we are to prevent the deadly ending of their journey, we must make certain that the voyage never begins.'"

¨ PATRIOT Act Oversight: Investigating Patterns of Terrorist Financing.

U.S. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Oversight an Investigations. Hearing, February 12, 2002.

http://www.house.gov/financialservices/021202tc.htm

Subcommittee Chairwoman Kelly:

"This Hearing is just part of the long term agenda of this Committee to ensure that we do all in our power to break up terrorist cells by making their use of our financial system raise every red flag possible. In this effort, the anti-money laundering provisions of title III of the PATRIOT Act are a good step in the right direction, however, much more will be necessary before we reach our goal of eradicating the threat of terrorism. In this effort we will remain vigilant to balance our efforts to ensure that we do not infringe upon the rights and liberties of Americans. This is of course a narrow line to walk, and that is why our education as to questions of money laundering and terrorism financing must be continuous. I believe we have an excellent opportunity here today to further our knowledge of these latest developments in the war against terrorism.

One issue I found particularly intriguing is -- 'Hawalas' -- an Arabic word that means -- 'word of mouth.' Hawala is an international underground economic system by which financial operators in different locations honor each others' financial obligations by making payments wherever needed. In essence, hawala continues because people look for ways to avoid taxes and tariffs in their efforts to send funds to people in other countries. Such activities have no apparent victim other than a government and involves people who can be legitimate businessmen in every other way. Hence, everyone involved in the transaction profits, and such transactions are extremely difficult to detect. The PATRIOT Act contained a number of provisions that seek to combat Hawalas, and I will be most interested in hearing if any of the investigative efforts have brought us closer to closing these illegal Hawalas down. It is my understanding that the November 7 action taken against Al Barakaat has provided a great deal of information on the modern operation of Hawalas.

We will also hear from law enforcement and industry on this issue and explore potential new patterns they have identified as terrorist financing schemes."

¨ Financial War on Terrorism and the Administration's Implementation of the Anti-Money Laundering Provisions of the USA Patriot Act.

U.S. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. http://banking.senate.gov/02_01hrg/012902/index.htm

Committee Chairman Sarbanes:

"The Committee meets today in its oversight capacity. It will hear testimony about the financial aspects of the ongoing war on terrorism and about the Administration's implementation of the anti-money laundering provisions of Title III of the USA Patriot Act, which was signed into law by the President on October 26, 2001. The United States and many other countries have been engaged for the last five months in what must surely be the most intensive financial investigations in history. To date, the U.S. has seized or frozen more than $34 million in terrorist-related assets, and our allies have frozen almost $46 million more. More than 165 persons have been identified as involved in the financing of terrorist activities. Although the details of the investigations and their methods are classified, each of the witnesses can describe to the Committee how specific approaches or resources have been coordinated and targeted -- using the expanded information access granted by the Patriot Act, and how our experience thus far will contribute to shaping our continuing effort to end money laundering.

A broad strategy for this effort is essential. The U.S. must lead both by example and by promoting concerted international action. Our goal must be not only to apprehend particular individuals, but to cut off the pathways in the international financial system along which terrorist and other criminal money moves. We must act to make it impossible to create the chains of obscure corporations, trusts, or partnerships so tangled that not even experienced and dedicated investigators can figure out with certainty who owns what, or where the money trail begins and ends. This effort depends crucially on concerted international action. Even as we build stronger, more effective anti-money laundering programs at home, we must press for comparable programs and for an end to unreasonable 'bank secrecy' around the world, offering technical assistance wherever possible, but employing stronger measures where necessary.

Title III of the Patriot Act constitutes the most extensive updating of our civil anti-money laundering laws since 1970. But it means little if it is not promptly and effectively implemented, and implementation is a formidable task. Under the new law the Treasury Department, working with the Federal financial regulators and the Department of Justice, must issue a number of new Bank Secrecy Act rules, in many cases by April 2002. It must also submit several important reports to Congress about issues that were deferred last year. These include application of the Bank Secrecy Act to investment companies, especially hedge funds, a subject raised by Senators Dodd and Corzine, and its application to underground banking systems, a subject on which Senator Bayh has already held a Subcommittee Hearing. At the same time the agencies must establish the operating programs -- for training, audit, intelligence analysis, and enforcement -- that turn words into realities.

Even as the broader strategy is put in place, attention must be focused on such matters as budgets, training, inter-agency coordination, and allocation of investigative resources. I note that Deputy Secretary Dam announced last week a $3.3 million budget increase for the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, and we are looking forward to learning today more generally about how the agencies are marshaling their resources to get the job done."

¨ Hearing on Dismantling the Financial Infrastructure of Global Terrorism. U.S. House. Committee on Financial Services. October 3, 2001. http://www.house.gov/financialservices/100301tc.htm

Le rapport du GAFI pour 2001-2002 notamment sur le financement du terrorisme

SYSTEMES

CONJONCTURE

POLITIQUE ECONOMIQUE

MONNAIE

ECHANGES

6 SECTEURS

Le département des transports américain a publié une étude montrant que le système de localisation par satellite GPS est perturbé par les immeubles des villes, qu'il est sensible aux conditions atmosphériques et brouillé par les équipements de télécommunication. Pis, il serait vulnérable à d'éventuelles interruptions malveillantes le rendant dangereux, notamment, pour la navigation aérienne. http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/news/FinalReport-v4.6.pdf
BIOTERRORISME:
Germs, Toxins, and Terror: the new threat to America. U.S. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on technology,http://judiciary.senate.gov/hr110601st.htmC

Center for the Study of Bioterrorism and Emerging Infections - Saint Louis University, School of Pub - http://bioterrorism.slu.edu Conducts research and provides public health and healthcare education and reference materials for biological incident preparedness.
National Disaster Medical System - http://www.oep-ndms.dhhs.gov/NDMS/ndms.html NDMS assists American state and local medical agencies responding to the health effects of peacetime disasters, terrorism, and weapons of mass destruction. Includes discussion of counterterrorism, searchable directory, and links to related materials.
Rapport sur le bioterrorisme Didier RAOULT; FRANCE. Ministère de la santé, de la famille et des personnes handicapées . 2003-07

Armes légères

Armes biologiques

Armes chimiques

7 SOCIETE

Civil War, Terrorism and Gangs. A proposed explanation of civil war, terrorism, and gangs using theories of sociology and social dynamics.

A practical manual for First Responders to chem/bio incidents

Organisations terroristes:
http://webdirectory.datasegment.com/webdirectory/Society/Issues/Terrorism/Terrorist_Organizations/Carlos The Jackal: Trail of Terror -
- IntelBrief Terrorism Research Site -
- Para-States - Liberation Movements, Terrorist Organizations and Others -
- Separatists, Para-Military, Military, Intelligence, and Aid Organizations - http://www.cromwell-intl.com/security/netusers.html
- Terrorist Group Profiles - http://web.nps.navy.mil/~library/tgp/tgpndx.htm Terrorist Watch - http://terroristwatch.tripod.com
- US Department of State: Patterns of Global Terrorism - http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/
- Guardian Unlimited: US moves to freeze terrorist funding - http://www.guardian.co.uk/waronterror/story/0,1361,557434,00.html
- Locombia: AUC Launches Campaign Of Terror In Narino - http://www.locombia.org/1000990931/index_html
- Locombia: US Labels AUC "Terrorist" - http://www.locombia.org/1000725744/index_html
- L'avènement du terrorisme complexe: Foreign Policy
- Liens entre terrorisme et criminalité http://www.janes.com/security/international_security/news/jir/jir030730_1_n.shtml
- Cartographie des réseaux terroristes:

POPULATION
RELATIONS SOCIALES
MODES DE VIE
SERVICES SOCIAUX

8 OPINIONS

Libertés-Immuables.net, tout nouveau site-portail, co-créé par Reporters sans Frontières (RSF), la Fédération Internationale des droits de l'homme (FIDH) et Human Rights Watch (HRW). Tout récemment inauguré le 16 novembre dernier, Libertés-Immuables.net a pour objectif essentiel de dénoncer les dérives sécuritaires consécutives aux sanglants attentats du 11 septembre dernier.

B1America- http://www.b1america.com/yourstories.asp Disaster News Room - http://www.disasternewsroom.com/gforum.cgi? Global Insight - http://disc.server.com/Indices/173152.html HBKing.Com- http://www.hbking.com

Le terrorisme, un conditionnement social < http://news.courrierinternational.com/re/courrier_int?l=nvy7oXsy8n2X6 > La deuxième volet de notre série de trois articles : les terroristes sont-ils des malades mentaux ?

Index- SOS-ATTENTATS

MEDIAS
OPINIONS
VALEURS
RELIGIONS
SAVOIRS

Islam, Islamisme

Infosphere et infostrategie

9 PERSPECTIVES

BEZOK: comment vivrons-nous demain?
Terrorism, the Future, and U.S. Foreign Policy.by Raphael F. Perl, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division CRS Issue Brief for Congress, Updated September 13, 2001, 20 p. http://www.house.gov/shays/CRS/CRSProducts.htm under 'CRS Issue Briefs'

AGENDAS
HYPOTHESES-SCENARIOS

C (suite)

E

European Security Advocacy Group

P

P (suite)

Projet d'attentats sur les lignes aériennes transatlantiques de 2006

Q

Quatrième guerre mondiale

S

Seconde guerre de Tchétchénie

U

USA PATRIOT Act

Récupérée de « http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Guerre_contre_le_terrorisme »

Catégories : Antiterrorisme • Type de guerre

RECHERCHE SECURITE-DEFENSE

(sélection GEOSCOPIE, avec le moteur GIGABLAST)

0 GENERALITES

DEFINITIONS

MOTEURS

1 CHRONIQUES

HISTOIRE

ACTUALITES

2 GEOGRAPHIE

TOUS PAYS

ASIE

AFRIQUE

EUROPE

AMERIQUE

3 POLITIQUE

INSTITUTIONS

VIE POLITIQUE

DROIT

LIBERTES

4 INTERNATIONAL

INSTITUTIONS

SECURITE-DEFENSE

COOPËRATION

VIE INTERNATIONALE

5 ECONOMIE

SYSTEMES

CONJONCTURE

POLITIQUE ECONOMIQUE

MONNAIE

ECHANGES

6 SECTEURS

7 SOCIETE

POPULATION

RELATIONS SOCIALES

MODES DE VIE

SERVICES SOCIAUX

8 OPINIONS

MEDIAS

OPINIONS

VALEURS

RELIGIONS

SAVOIRS

9 PERSPECTIVES

AGENDAS

HYPOTHESES-SCENARIOS

EVALUATIONS

A

B

C

C (suite)

E

P

P (suite)

Q

S

U